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The following are some of the types of drawings your class will be asked to do in the exercises that follow.
Architects use several different visual means to organize their thoughts. When they start with a dream or an idea of a space, they first draw
circles or "bubbles" in order to see the space in their mind's eye. They want to imagine the spaces they will need and how those spaces, and the
functions that take place within those spaces, should relate to each other.A bubble diagram is composed of circles, arrows and labels. Each bubble
represents a space and has a label to describe the space and/or the function that will take place within that space. By drawing bubbles, the
designer can determine which space should be next to another space. Arrows show the circulation of how people and creatures would move through these spaces.
back to top
Plan view drawing (floor plan):A plan view converts the bubble diagram to a form that begins to resemble a building. Look at the
features of the plan view illustrated here to see how architects draw walls, windows, doors, and door swings. A plan view or floor plan is a view of a room or building which is
seen as if the roof has been removed and someone is above the building looking straight down onto the rooms. Elevation view drawing: Elevation drawings are drawings of each of the outside walls of a
building. Elevation drawings of an entire building will include one drawing of the front, one drawing of the back, and one drawing each for each of
the sides of the structure. Elevation drawings are based on the information found in the floor plans. They show where things are placed
as if one were standing outside looking at the front, the back, and each of the sides of the building. Elevation drawings locate such details as the
windows, the doors, the height and shape of the roof, and the type of texture or siding that will be placed on the exterior walls
back to topSection drawing:
Section Drawing of a Peanut |
A section drawing is a view of the interior of a room or building which is
seen as if the building has been cut in half and someone is looking straight into the interior. The following exercise may help your students to
visualize what "section drawings" are and understand how they help architects to express their three-dimensional thinking.SECTION DRAWING OF A PEANUT
Give each student one peanut with its shell intact. Then, on a clean sheet of paper held vertically (as illustrated) divide the paper into three
sections. Have the students write the title, PEANUT ANALYSIS, centered at the top of the page and write their names in the upper left corner.
In the top section, ask the students to draw two elevation drawings of their peanut: One side elevation and one end elevation. In the middle
section of their papers, students should draw an imaginary section view of what their peanut would look like if they could take a surgical laser saw
and cut their peanut in half length-wise. In the bottom section of their papers, have the students draw what they really see when they carefully
crack open their peanut shell. After they have documented the "real section drawing" of their peanut, the students may eat their peanuts.
back to top Two point perspective
Two Point Perspective Drawing |
A perspective sketch is similar to a photograph. There are two vanishing
points (VP) on either end of a horizon line. On a clean sheet of paper oriented horizontally, draw a horizon line (a bit below the middle of the
page). In the middle of the horizon line, draw a vertical line that will represent the corner of your building. Lines parallel to the ground that are
below the horizon line go up to the VP. Lines parallel to the ground that are above the horizon line go down to the VP. All vertical lines remain
vertical. Draw in any details from the elevation drawings following the same rules (all horizontal lines go to the VPs, all vertical lines remain
vertical). Now you can see the side of the building along with the front. Have the students draw in the roof and any landscaping that would like to add to this sketch.
back to topFor additional evaluation of your students' projects, see the EVALUATION FORM AND RATING SCALE.
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